Knee Instability (Subluxation)

DC 5257Musculoskeletal38 CFR 4.71a, DC 5257

Looseness or giving way of the knee joint. Unlike range of motion codes, instability is rated based on severity (slight, moderate, severe) rather than degrees of motion. It can be rated separately from flexion/extension limitations.

How the VA rates this condition

The VA rates this condition based on how much it affects your ability to work and carry out daily activities. The examiner will focus on the functional limitations your condition causes, not just the diagnosis itself.

Diagnostic code

DC 5257

Rating range

10% – 30%

Rating levels

Rating criteria are defined in 38 CFR 4.71a, DC 5257. This guide presents a plain-language summary and is not a substitute for the full regulatory text. Always consult a VSO or VA-accredited attorney for case-specific advice.

Rating Levels

Your knee has severe recurrent subluxation or lateral instability. This is the maximum rating under this code.

What the VA looks for

Severe lateral instability on examination
Knee gives way frequently causing falls
Requires constant brace or assistive device
Significant ligament damage documented

Common Pitfalls

⚠Not knowing instability can be rated separately from range of motion — you can get both DC 5257 and DC 5260/5261 for the same knee (VAOPGCPREC 23-97).
⚠Not reporting episodes of the knee giving way, buckling, or causing falls.
⚠C&P examiner not performing stability testing — ask for specific ligament tests.